Factores provocadores de estrés en alumnos de conservatorio y bandas de música

Resumo

We designed a descriptive and quasi¿experimental study throughout 7 years in which we studied the situations, factors and stress generating determinants in music students. We analyzed the reasons that might influence a musician (music student), both physical and psychological, that might be the cause of a performance below expectations. A comparative design was carried out with students who undertook their activity in conservatoires and in music bands, in order to determine if their degree of implication, age, study, training time for exams, concerts or examinations, and gender (masculine ¿ feminine) might cause injuries and music performance anxiety. For measuring the stress level an adhoc questionnaire was applied: firstly at the beginning of the program, secondly at the end of it and, finally, after a period of approximately six months after the end of the program. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: control group and test group. An adhoc relaxing program was applied to the test group: this program consisted in various physical exercises adapted to instrumentalists, having into account the instrument played by each performer. The aim of this program was to reduce stress in musicians before studying or interpreting in hearings or concerts. The objective of the intervention program was to verify if it was possible to minimize those pathologies related to stress which are widely known in the music scope. The program of diagnosis and intervention was applied in music band and conservatoire students, from young pupils up to adult musicians, playing different instruments: wind, metal, string, piano and singing. The results of the study allow us to conclude that simple relaxing and self¿control techniques are beneficial, both at a physiological and psychological level, minimizing and relieving pathologies, ailments, inconveniences and injuries derived from conditions of not¿attended stress and from wrong physical and postural habits.