Trastornos músculo-esqueléticos (TMRIs) en músicos instrumentalistas estudiantes de secundaria y universitarios

  1. Viaño Santasmarinas, Jorge Juan
  2. Díaz Pereira, María del Pino
  3. Martínez Vidal, Aurora
Revista:
Revista de investigación en educación

ISSN: 1697-5200 2172-3427

Ano de publicación: 2010

Volume: 8

Número: 1

Páxinas: 83-96

Tipo: Artigo

Outras publicacións en: Revista de investigación en educación

Resumo

Los estudios musicales son un contexto de elevado riesgo de incidencia de trastornos músculo-esqueléticos según la literatura, sin embargo, escasos estudios han descrito la magnitud de este problema en estudiantes de música en España. Objetivos: Describir la prevalencia de los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos relacionados con la interpretación (TMRIs) y analizar el género como factor de riesgo. Asimismo, describir los factores socio-demográficos, estilo de vida y hábitos de actividad musical de la muestra. Método: Un total de ciento cuarenta y cinco estudiantes de guitarra, violín, viola, violonchelo, contrabajo y piano se evaluaron mediante una entrevista oral y personal estructurada mediante cuestionarios. El diseño elegido fue de corte transversal. Resultados: Las prevalencias por instrumento han sido muy altas (73.9-100%) y superiores en Secundaria que en la Universidad. La espalda en su conjunto ha sido la zona más afectada (127/145, 95.9%); por orden decreciente las zonas más vulnerables fueron la espalda dorso-lumbar, cuello, hombros, codos, muñecas y manos. En pianistas y guitarristas se ha estimado un riesgo relativo mayor de sufrir TMRIs en hombres (75.7/67%, respectivamente) frente a mujeres. Los violonchelistas hombres son más propensos a sufrir TMRIs vs no sufrirlos (70%), mientras que el 100% de las mujeres mostraron algún tipo de trastorno.

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