Relación entre la condición física y rendimiento académico en matemáticas y lenguaje en estudiantes españoles de educación secundariaun estudio longitudinal

  1. José María Cancela Carral 1
  2. Carlos Ayán Pérez 1
  3. María Jesús Sanguos Espiño 1
  1. 1 Universidade de Vigo
    info

    Universidade de Vigo

    Vigo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05rdf8595

Revista:
Cultura, ciencia y deporte

ISSN: 1696-5043

Ano de publicación: 2016

Volume: 11

Número: 31

Páxinas: 7-16

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.12800/CCD.V11I31.638 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Cultura, ciencia y deporte

Resumo

The relationship between academic performance and physical condition has mainly been researched in studies of a cross-sectional nature that have largely focused on non-Spanish subjects. In this longitudinal study information was gathered from 100 students of 3rd and 4th years of ESO and 1st year of Bachillerato during the academic years 2009/10, 2010/11 and 2011/12 in a Galician state school. The level of physical condition was determined through the results obtained in a series of physical tests aimed at assessing aerobic endurance, explosive strength, agility and flexibility adapted to the age of the students. Grades earned were taken as a benchmark of academic performance for the subjects of Spanish and mathematics. A direct and significant association was found only in boys between each of the physical capacities assessed and the academic performance in mathematics during the three-year evaluation period. The predictive model developed indicated that aerobic endurance was the most influential physical capacity on the probability of obtaining a positive academic performance, regardless of the academic year and sex. These results suggest that the relationship between physical condition and academic performance (using grades in Spanish and mathematics as an assessment tool) seems to be influenced both by sex and the type of cognitive ability involved in the subject areas under study.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Adam, C., Klissouras, V., Ravazzolo, M., Renson, R., & Tuxworth, W. (1988). EUROFIT: European test of physical fitness. Rome: Council of Europe, Committee for Development of Sport.
  • Albarracín, A., Moreno, J., & Beltrán V. (2014). La situación actual de la educación física según su profesorado: Un estudio cualitativo con profesores de la Región de Murcia. Cultura_Ciencia_Deporte, 9(27), 225-234.
  • Alsina, Á., & Sáiz, D. (2004). El papel de la memoria de trabajo en el cálculo mental un cuarto de siglo despues de Hitch. The role of working memory in mental arithmetic a quarter of century after Hitch. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 27(1), 15-25.
  • Baron-Cohen, S. (2005). La gran diferencia: Cómo son realmente los cerebros de hombres y mujeres. Barcelona: Editorial AMAT.
  • Bass, R. W., Brown, D. D., Laurson, K. R., & Coleman, M. M. (2013). Physical fitness and academic performance in middle school students. Acta Pediatrica, 102(8), 832-837. doi: 10.1111/apa.12278.
  • Cancela, J. M., Ayán, C., Gutiérrez-Santiago, A., Prieto, I., & Varela, S. (2012). The senior fitness test as a functional measure in Parkinson’s disease: A pilot study. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 18(2), 170-173.
  • Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126.
  • Castelli, D. M., Hillman, C. H., Buck, S. M., & Erwin, H. E. (2007). Physical fitness and academic achievement in third-and fifth-grade students. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 29(2), 239-252.
  • Castro-Piñero, J., Ortega, F. B., Artero, E. G., Girela-Rejón, M. J., Mora, J., Sjöström, M., …Ruiz, J. R. (2010). Assessing muscular strength in youth: usefulness of standing long jump as a general index of muscular fitness. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(7), 1810-1817.
  • Chaddock-Heyman, L., Hillman, C. H., Cohen, N. J., & Kramer, A. F. (2014) III. The importance of physical activity and aerobic fitness for cognitive control and memory in children. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 79(4), 25-50.
  • Chen, L. J., Fox, K. R., Ku, P. W., & Taun, C. Y. (2013). Fitness change and subsequent academic performance in adolescents. Journal of School Health, 83(9), 631-638.
  • Chomitz, V. R., Slining, M. M., Mcgowan, R. J., Mitchell, S. E., Dawson, G. F., & Hacker, K. A. (2009). Is there a relationship between physical fitness and academic achievement? Positive results from public school children in the northeastern United States. Journal of School Health, 79(1), 30-37.
  • Coe, D. P., Peterson, T., Blair, C., Schutten, M. C., & Peddie, H. (2013). Physical fitness, academic achievement, and socioeconomic status in school‐aged youth. Journal of School Health, 83(7), 500-507.
  • Coe, D. P., Pivarnik, J. M., Womack, C. J., Reeves, M. J., & Malina, R. M. (2012). Health-related fitness and academic achievement in middle school students. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 52(6), 654-660.
  • Díaz, F. J., Montaño, J. G., Melchor, T. M., Guerrero, J. H., & Tovar, J. A. (2000).Validación y confiabilidad de la prueba aeróbica de 1000 metros. Revista de Investigación Clínica, 52(1), 44-51.
  • Donnelly, J. E., & Lambourne, K. (2011). Classroom-based physical activity, cognition, and academic achievement. Preventive Medicine, 52, 36-42.
  • Dwyer, T., Sallis, J. F., Blizzard, L., Lazarus, R., & Dean, K. (2001). Relation of academic performance to physical activity and fitness in children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 13(3), 225-237.
  • Ekstrand, J., Wiktorsson, B., Oberg, B., & Gillquist, J. (1982). Lower extremity goniometric measurements: A study to determine their reliability. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 63, 171-175.
  • Erickson, K. I., Voss, M. W., Prakash, R. S., Basak, C., Szabo, A., Chaddock, L., ...Kramer, A. F. (2011). Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 3017-3022.
  • Eveland-Sayers, B. M., Farley, R. S., Fuller, D. K., Morgan, D. W., & Caputo, J. L. (2009). Physical fitness and academic achievement in elementary school children. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 6(1), 99-104.
  • Felson, R. B., & Trudeau, L. (1991). Gender differences in mathematics performance. Social Psychology Quarterly, 54, 113-126.
  • Flint, M. M., & Gudgell, J. (1965) Electromyographic study of abdominal muscular activity during exercise. Research Quarterly, 36, 29-37.
  • Gómez, J. R., Berral, C. J., Viana, B. H., & Berral, F. J. (2002). Valoración de la aptitud física en escolares. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 19(90), 273-282.
  • Grissom, J. B. (2005). Physical fitness and academic achievement. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 8(1), 11-25.
  • Herting, M. M., & Nagel, B. J. (2012). Aerobic fitness relates to learning on a virtual morris water task and hippocampal volume in adolescents. Behavioural Brain Research, 233(2), 517-525.
  • London, R. A., & Castrechini, S. (2011). A longitudinal examination of the link between youth physical fitness and academic achievement. Journal of School Health, 81(7), 400-408.
  • Lopes, L., Santos, R., Pereira, B., & Lopes, V. P. (2012). Associations between gross motor coordination and academic achievement in elementary school children. Human Movement Science, 32(1), 9-20.
  • Lowe, P. A., Mayfield, J. W., & Reynolds, C. R. (2003). Gender differences in memory test performance among children and adolescents. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18(8), 865-878.
  • Macrae, I., & Wright, V. (1969). Measurement of back movement. Annals Rheumatic Diseases, 28(6), 584-589.
  • Martínez, J. P., Villanueva, F. U., & Nicolás, A. P. V. (1998). La evaluación de la aptitud física en escolares de Educación Secundaria. Apunts: Educación Física y Deportes, (52), 25-35.
  • Ortega, F. B., Artero, E. G., Ruiz, J. R., España-Romero, V., Jiménez-Pavón, D., Vicente-Rodríguez, G., Castillo, M. J. (2011). Physical fitness levels among European adolescents: The HELENA study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(1), 20-29.
  • Ortega, F. B., Artero, E. G., Ruiz, J. R., Vicente-Rodriguez, G., Bergman, P., Hagströmer, M., Castillo, M. J. (2008). Reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in European adolescents. The HELENA study. International Journal of Obesity, 32, 49-57.
  • Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., Moreno, L. A., González-Gross, M., Wärnberg, J., AVENA, G. (2005). Bajo nivel de forma física en los adolescentes españoles. Importancia para la salud cardiovascular futura (Estudio AVENA). Revista Española de Cardiología, 58(8), 898909.
  • Plowman, S. A., Sterling, C. L., Corbin, C. B., Meredith, M. D., Welk, G. J., & Morrow, J. R. (2006). The history of FITNESSGRAM®. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 3(2), 5-20.
  • Prat, J. A., & Riera, J. (1993). La batería EUROFIT a Catalunya. Barcelona: Direcció General d l´Esport.
  • Raine, L. B., Lee, H. K., Saliba, B. J., Chaddock-Heyman, L., Hillman, C. H., & Kramer, A. F. (2013). The influence of childhood aerobic fitness on learning and memory. PloS One, 8(9), 72666.
  • Rauner, R. R., Walters, R. W., Avery, M., & Wanser, T. J. (2013). Evidence that aerobic fitness is more salient than weight status in predicting standardized math and reading outcomes in fourth-through eighthgrade students. The Journal of Pediatrics, 163(2), 344-348.
  • Reigal, R. E., Becerra, C. A., Hernández, A., & Martín, I. (2014). Relación del autoconcepto con la condición física y la composición corporal en una muestra de adolescentes. Anales de Psicología, 30(3), 1079-1085.
  • Ruopp, M. D., Perkins, N. J., Whitcomb, B. W., & Schisterman, E. F. (2008). Youden index and optimal cut-point estimated from observations affected by a lower limit of detection. Biometrical Journal, 50(3), 419-430.
  • Scudder, M. R., Lambourne, K., Drollette, E. S., Herrmann, S. D., Washburn, R. A., Donnelly, J. E., …Hillman, C. H. (2014). Aerobic capacity and cognitive control in elementary school-age children. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise, 46(5), 1025-1035.
  • Sibley, B. A., & Etnier, J. L. (2003).The relationship between physical activity and cognition in children: A meta-analysis. Pediatric Exercise Science, 15(3), 243-256.
  • Singh, A., Uijtdewilligen, L., Twisk, J. W., Van Mechelen, W., & Chinapaw, M. J. (2012). Physical activity and performance at school: A systematic review of the literature including a methodological quality assessment. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 166(1), 49-55.
  • Tomaz, C. A. B., Garrido, R. E. R., Mendo, A. H., & Tamayo, I. M. (2013). Relaciones de la condición física y la composición corporal con la autopercepción de salud. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 9(34), 305-318.
  • Trudeau, F., & Shephard, R. J. (2008). Physical education, school physical activity, school sports and academic performance. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(1), 10.
  • Van Dusen, D. P., Kelder, S. H., Kohl, H. W., Ranjit, N., & Perry, C. L. (2011). Associations of physical fitness and academic performance among schoolchildren. Journal of School Health, 81(12), 733-740.
  • Vanhelst, J., Béghin, L., Fardy, P. S., Ulmer, Z., & Czaplicki, G. (2014). Reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in adolescents: The MOVE Program. Clinical physiology and functional imaging. Recuperado de http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cpf.12202/pdf
  • Weis, M., Heikamp, T., & Trommsdorff, G. (2013). Gender differences in school achievement: The role of self-regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 422. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00442.
  • Zagatto, A. M., Beck, W. R., & Gobatto, C. A. (2009). Validity of the running anaerobic sprint test for assessing anaerobic power and predicting short-distance performances. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(6), 1820-1827.