Galicia upwelling revisitedout-of-season events in the rias (1967-2009)

  1. I Alvarez 1
  2. R Prego 2
  3. M de Castro 3
  4. M Várela 4
  1. 1 Universidade de Aveiro, Departamento de Física, Aveiro, Portugal. Environmental Physics Laboratory, Universidad de Vigo, Orense, Spain.
  2. 2 Marine Research Institute, (CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
  3. 3 Environmental Physics Laboratory, Universidad de Vigo, Orense, Spain
  4. 4 Oceanographic Center of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
Mostrar afiliacións +
Revista:
Ciencias marinas

ISSN: 0185-3880,  2395-9053

Ano de publicación: 2012

Volume: 38

Número: 1

Páxinas: 143-159

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.7773/CM.V38I1B.1776 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: Ciencias marinas

Resumo

Durante las últimas décadas se han llevado a cabo varios estudios relacionados con el fenómeno de afloramiento a lo largo de la costa de Galicia que han mejorado significativamente el conocimiento de este proceso. De los resultados de estos trabajos se ha encontrado que el afloramiento a lo largo de esta costa es un fenómeno frecuente durante los meses de primavera y verano, introduciendo Agua Central del Atlántico Norte en el interior de las rías. Sin embargo, en las rías gallegas se han caracterizado varios eventos de afloramiento durante otoño e invierno que indican que este proceso no es un fenómeno exclusivo de las estaciones de primavera y verano. En este estudio se hace una revisión de estos eventos teniendo en cuenta artículos ya publicados y también se analiza su recurrencia a lo largo de las costas oeste y norte de Galicia a partir de datos de índice de afloramiento de 1967 a 2009. El número medio de días por mes con condiciones favorables de afloramiento más elevado se observó durante los meses de primavera y verano en la costa oeste (18-26 días) y costa norte (12-14 días). Durante otoño e invierno este número de días fue menor (11-18 días, costa oeste; 8-10 días, costa norte) aunque no despreciable, indicando la posibilidad de observar eventos de afloramiento durante este periodo. De hecho, durante estos meses se observó una cierta probabilidad de obtener condiciones favorables de afloramiento a lo largo de ambas costas (26%), aunque la situación más probable correspondió a condiciones desfavorables (44%). Estos resultados revelaron que estos eventos no se pueden considerar como episodios aislados. De esto se deduce que los procesos de afloramiento en las rías deberían ser observados bajo condiciones favorables, tales como vientos predominantes del norte en la plataforma adyacente, independientemente de la estación.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Alvarez, I,deCastro, M,Prego, R,Gómez-Gesteira, . (2003). Hydrographic characterization of a winter-upwelling event in the Ria of Pontevedra (NW Spain). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 56. 869-876
  • Alvarez, I,deCastro, M,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Prego, . (2005). Inter-and intra-annual analysis of the salinity and temperature evolution in the Galician Rías Baixas-ocean boundary (northwest Spain). J. Geophys. Res. C,.
  • Alvarez, I,Gómez-Gesteira, M,deCastro, M,Dias, J. (2008). Spatio-temporal evolution of upwelling regime along the western coast of the Iberian Peninsula. J. Geophys. Res. C,. 113. 07020
  • Alvarez, I,Gómez-Gesteira, M,deCastro, M,Novoa, E. (2008). Ekman transport along the Galician coast (NW, Spain) calculated from QuikSCAT winds. J. Mar. Sys. 72. 101-115
  • Alvarez, I,Ospina-Alvarez, N,Pazos, Y,deCastro, M,Bernardez, P,Campos, MJ,Gómez-Gesteira, JL,Alvarez-Ossorio, MT,Varela, M,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Prego, . (2009). A winter upwelling event in the northern Galician rias: frequency and oceanographic implications. Est. Coast. Shelf. Sci.,. 82. 573-582
  • Alvarez, I,Gómez-Gesteira, M,deCastro, M,Gómez-Gesteira, JL,Dias, J. (2010). Summer upwelling frequency along the western Cantabrian coast from 1967 to 2008. J. Mar. Sys. 79. 218-226
  • Alvarez-Salgado, XA,Rosón, G,Pérez, FF,Pazos, . (1993). Hydrographic variability off the Rias Baixas (NW Spain) during the upwelling season. J. Geophys. Res. C. 98. 14447-14455
  • Alvarez-Salgado, XA,Gago, G,Miguez, BM,Gilcoto, M,Pérez, F. (2000). Surface waters of the NW Iberian Margin: upwelling on the shelf versus outwelling of upwelled waters from the Rias Baixas. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 51. 821-837
  • Barton, ED,Inall, ME,Sherwin, TJ,Torres, . (2001). Vertical structure, turbulent mixing and fluxes during Lagrangian observations of an upwelling filament system off Northwest Iberia. Prog. Oceanogr. 51. 249-267
  • Bakun, . (1973). Coastal upwelling indexes, west coast of North America, 1946-71. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMF 671. 103
  • Blanton, JO,Atkinson, LP,Castillejo, F,Montero, A. (1984). Coastal upwelling of the Rias Bajas, Galicia, northwest Spain. I. Hydrographic studies. Rapp. P.V. Reun. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 183. 179-190
  • Blanton, JO,Tenore, KR,Castillejo, F,Atkinson, LP,Schwing, FB,Lavin, . (1987). The relationship of upwelling to mussel production in the rias on the western coast of Spain. J. Mar. Res. 45. 497-511
  • Borja, A,Uriarte, A,Valencia, V,Motos, L,Uriarte, . (1996). Relationships between anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L) recruitment and the environment in the Bay of Biscay. Sci. Mar. 60. 179-192
  • Cabanas, JM,Alvarez, . (2005). Ekman transport patterns in the area close to the Galician coast (NW Spain). J. Atmos. Oceanogr. Sci. 10. 325-341
  • deCastro, M,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Alvarez, I,Preg. (2004). Negative estuarine circulation in the Ria of Pontevedra (NW Spain). Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 60. 301-312
  • deCastro, M,Dale, AW,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Prego, RM,Alvarez, . (2006). Hydrographic and atmospheric analysis of an autumnal upwelling event in the Ria of Vigo (NW Iberian Peninsula). Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 68. 529-537
  • deCastro, M,Lorenzo, N,Taboada, JJ,Sarmiento, M,Alvarez, I,Gómez-Gesteira, . (2006). Teleconnection patterns influence on precipitation variability and on river flow regimes in the Miño River basin (NW Iberian Peninsula). Clim. Res. 32. 63-73
  • deCastro, M,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Alvarez, I,Cabanas, JM,Prego, . (2008). Characterization of fall-winter upwelling recurrence along the Galician western coast (NW Spain) from 2000 to 2005: dependence on atmospheric forcing. J. Mar. Syst. 72. 45-148
  • deCastro, M,Gomez-Gesteira, M,Alvarez, I,Crespo, AJ. (2011). Atmospheric modes influence on Iberian Poleward Current variability. Cont. Shelf Res. 31. 425-432
  • Doval, MD,Nogueira, E,Pérez, F. (1998). Spatio-temporal variability of the thermohaline and biogeochemical properties and dissolved carbon in a coastal embayment affected by upwelling: the Ria of Vigo (NW Spain). J. Mar. Syst. 14. 135-150
  • Fiuza, AF. (1984). Hidrologia e dinámica das águas costeiras de Portugal.
  • Fraga, . (1981). Coastal Upwelling. American Geophysical Union. Washington.
  • Frouin, R,Fiuza, AFG,Ambar, I,Boyd, T. (1990). Observations of a poleward surface current off the coasts of Portugal and Spain during winter. J. Geophys. Res. 95. 679-691
  • García-Soto, C,Pingree, RD,Valdes, . (2002). Navidad development in the southern Bay of Biscay: climate change and swoddy structure from remote sensing and in situ measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 107. 8
  • Gil, . (2003). Changes in the pattern of water masses resulting from a poleward slope current in the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay). Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 57. 1139
  • Gómez-Gesteira, M,Moreira, C,Alvarez, I,deCastro, . (2006). Ekman transport along the Galician coast (NW Spain) calculated from forecasted winds. J. Geophys. Res. C,. 111. 10005
  • Koutsikopoulos, C,Le Cann, . (1996). Physical processes and hydrological structures related to the Bay of Biscay anchovy. Sci. Mar. 2. 9-19
  • Lorenzo, MN,Taboada, J. (2005). Influences of atmospheric variability on freshwater input in Galician rias in winter. J. Atmos. Ocean Sci. 10. 377
  • Margalef, R,Andreu, . (1958). Componente vertical de los movimientos del agua en la ría de Vigo y su posible relación con la entrada de sardina. Invest. Pesq. 11. 105-126
  • McClain, CR,Chao, S,Atkinson, LP,Blanton, JO,Castillejo, . (1986). Wind driven upwelling in the vicinity of Cape Finisterre, Spain. J. Geophys. Res. C. 91. 8470
  • Molina, . (1972). Contribución al estudio del "upwelling" frente a la costa noroccidental de la Península Ibérica. Bol. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 152. 1
  • Nogueira, E,Pérez, FF,Ríos, A. (1997). Seasonal patterns and long-term trends in an estuarine upwelling ecosystem (Ria of Vigo, Spain). Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 44. 285-300
  • Nogueira, E,Pérez, FF,Ríos, A. (1997). Modelling thermohaline properties in an estuarine upwelling ecosystem (Ría de Vigo: NW Spain) using box-Jenkins transfer function models. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 44. 685-702
  • Nykjaer, L,Van, Camp . (1994). Seasonal and interannual variability of coastal upwelling along northwest Africa and Portugal from 1981 to 1991. J. Geophys. Res. C. 99. 14197
  • Ospina-Alvarez, N,Prego, R,Alvarez, I,deCastro, M,Alvarez-Ossorio, MT,Pazos, Y,Campos, MJ,Bernardez, P,García-Soto, C,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Varela, . (2011). Oceanographical patterns during a summer upwelling-downwelling event in the northern Galician rias: comparison with the whole ria system (NW Iberian Peninsula). Cont. Shelf. Res. 30. 1362
  • Pardo, PC,Gilcoto, M,Pérez, F. (2001). Short-time scale coupling between thermohaline and meteorological forcing in the Ria de Pontevedra. Sci. Mar. 65. 229-240
  • Penabad, E,Alvarez, I,Balseiro, CF,deCastro, M,Gómez, B,Pérez-Muñuzuri, V,Gómez-Gesteira, . (2008). Comparative analysis between operational weather prediction models and QuikSCAT wind data near the Galician coast. J. Mar. Syst. 72. 256
  • Pérez, FF,Ríos, AF,King, BA,Pollard, R. (1995). Decadal changes of the 9-S relationship of the Eastern North Atlantic Central Water. Deep-Sea Res. 42. 1849
  • Prego, . (1993). Biogeochemical pathways of phosphate in a Galician ria (northwestern Iberian Peninsula). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 37. 437-451
  • Prego, . (1993). General aspects of carbon biogeochemistry in the ria of Vigo (NW Spain). Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 57. 2041-2052
  • Prego, . (1994). Nitrogen interchanges generated by biogeochemical processes in a Galician ria. Mar. Chem. 45. 167
  • Prego, R,Fraga, . (1992). A simple model to calculate the residual flows in a Spanish ria. Hydrographic consequences in the ria of Vigo. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 34. 603-615
  • Prego, R,Bao, . (1997). Upwelling influence on the Galician coast: silicate in shelf water and underlying surface sediments. Cont. Shelf Res. 17. 307-318
  • Prego, R,Varela, . (1998). Hydrography of the Artabro Gulf in summer: western coastal limit of Cantabrian seawater and wind-induced upwelling at Prior Cape. Oceanol. Acta. 21. 145-155
  • Prego, R,Bao, R,Howland, . (1995). The biogeochemical cycling of dissolved silicate in a Galician ria. Ophelia. 42. 301-318
  • Prego, R,Barciela, C,Varela, . (1999). Nutrient dynamics in the Galician coastal area (northwestern Iberian Peninsula): do the Rias Bajas receive more nutrient salts than the Rias Altas? Cont. Shelf Res. 19. 317-334
  • Prego, R,deCastro, M,Gómez-Gesteira, M,Taboada, JJ,Montero, P,Pérez-Villar, V,Dale, . (2001). Micro-scale hydrography of the Pontevedra Ria (NW Spain). J. Geophys. Res. C. 106. 19845-19857
  • Prego, R,Guzmán-Zuñiga, D,Varela, M,deCastro, M,Gómez-Gesteira, . (2007). Consequences of winter upwelling events on biogeochemical and phytoplankton patterns in a western Galician ria (NW Iberian Peninsula). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 73. 409-422
  • Ríos, AF,Pérez, FF,Alvarez-Salgado, XA,Figueiras, F. (1992). Water masses in the upper and middle North Atlantic Ocean east of the Azores. Deep-Sea Res. 39. 645-658
  • Rodríguez-Puebla, C,Encinas, AH,Nieto, S,Garmendia, . (1998). Spatial and temporal patterns of annual precipitation variability over the Iberian Peninsula. Int. J. Climatol. 18. 299-316
  • Roson, G,Pérez, FF,Álvarez-Salgado, XA,Figueiras, F. (1995). Variation of thermohaline and chemical properties in an estuarine upwelling ecosystem: Ria of Arousa. I. Time evolution. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 41. 195-213
  • Santos, AMP,Peliz, A,Dubert, J,Oliveira, PB,Angelico, MM,Re, . (2004). Impact of a winter upwelling event on the distribution and transport of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) eggs and larvae off western Iberia: a retention mechanism. Cont. Shelf Res. 24. 149-165
  • Tenore, KR,Cal, RM,Hanson, RB,López-Jamar, E,Santiago, G,Tietjen, J. (1984). Coastal upwelling off the Rias Bajas, Galicia, northwest Spain. II. Benthic studies. Rapp. P.V. Reun. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer.. 183. 91-100
  • Tenore, KR,Alonso-Noval, M,Alvarez-Ossorio, M,Atkinson, LP,Cabanas, JM,Cal, RM,Campos, HJ,Castillejo, F,Chesney, EJ,Gonzalez, N,Hanson, RB,McClain, CR,Miranda, A,Roman, MR,Sanchez, J,Santiago, G,Valdes, L,Varela, M,Yoder, . (1995). Fisheries and oceanography off Galicia, NW Spain: Mesoscale spatial and temporal changes in physical processes and resultant patterns of biological productivity. J. Geophys. Res. 100.
  • Torres, R,Barton, ED,Miller, P,Fanjul, . (2003). Spatial patterns of wind and sea surface temperature in the Galician upwelling region. J. Geophys. Res. 108. 3130-3143
  • Varela, M,Prego, R,Pazos, Y,Moroño, . (2005). Influence of upwelling and river runoff interaction on phytoplankton assemblages in a middle Galician ria and comparison with northern and southern rias (NW Iberian Peninsula). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 64. 721-737
  • Varela, M,Alvarez-Ossorio, M,Bode, A,Prego, R,Bernardez, P,García-Soto, . (2010). The effects of a winter upwelling on biogeochemical and planktonic components in an area close to the Galician upwelling core: the Sound of Corcubion (NW Spain). J. Sea Res. 64. 260-272
  • Wooster, WS,Bakun, A,McClain, D. (1976). The seasonal upwelling cycle along the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic. J. Mar. Res. 34. 131-141
Fonte de datos: Dialnet