La analogía funcional como estrategia de replicación de la información cultural

  1. José Henrique Pérez-Rodríguez
Journal:
El Genio Maligno: revista de humanidades y ciencias sociales

ISSN: 1988-3927

Year of publication: 2016

Issue Title: Espejos

Issue: 19

Type: Article

More publications in: El Genio Maligno: revista de humanidades y ciencias sociales

Abstract

La transmisión de la información cultural en la especie humana presenta una cierta paradoja, pues, sin dejar de depender de un proceso inferencial, se caracteriza por haber alcanzado un relativo grado de fidelidad y, así, experimentado procesos evolutivos de tipo acumulativo. La categorización y el uso de mecanismos de coordinación convencionalizados como medio de homogeneización social de la información explican en parte el relativo éxito de los procesos de inferencia intencional en nuestra especie, pero no dan cuenta de como la información replicada, además de llegar a estar constituida por elementos discretos parecidos a los originales, consigue supuestamente organizarse de manera similar o, por lo menos, de modo funcionalmente equivalente en la mente de cada individuo. Se propone la hipótesis de que en los procesos de transmisión informativa cobraría especial importancia la coordinación de pensamiento entre emisor y receptor con el fin de garantizar la generación de estructuras culturales socialmente convencionalizados. A su vez, se valora la posible participación de este sistema compartido como apoyo a los propios procesos de categorización individuales y se propone un modelo de replicación basado en una restricción selectiva sobre la adquisición individual de información del medio que realiza el receptor.

Bibliographic References

  • ABBOTT, B. (2008). Presuppositions and common ground. Linguistics and Philosophy, vol. 31, n. 5, p. 523-538.
  • ALTMANN, E. G., WHICHARD, Z. L. & MOTTER, A. E. (2013). Identifying trends in word frequency dynamics. Journal of Statistical Physics, vol. 151, n. 1-2, p. 277-288.
  • AUSUBEL, D. P. (2012) [2000]. The acquisition and retention of knowledge: a cognitive view, New York: Springer.
  • BLACKMORE, S. (1999). The Meme Machine. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • BRENNAN, S. (1998). The grounding problem in conversations with and through computers. En S. R. Fussell & R. J. Kreuz (eds.). Social and Cognitive Psychological Approaches to Interpersonal Communication. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 201–225.
  • CHRISTIN, P. A., Weinreich, D. M. & Besnard, G. (2010). Causes and evolutionary significance of genetic convergence. Trends in genetics, 26(9), 400-405.
  • CLARK, H. H. (1996). Communities, commonalities, and communication. Rethinking linguistic relativity, 17, 324-355.
  • (1996b). Using language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • (2005). Coordinating with each other in a material world. Discourse Studies, vol. 7, n. 4-5, 507-525.
  • CLOAK, F. T. Jr. (1968). Is a cultural ethology possible? Research Previews, 13(2), 37-47.
  • (1975). Is a cultural ethology possible? Human Ecology, 3(3), 161-182.
  • CROFT, W. (2000). Explaining language change: An evolutionary approach. Harlow: Pearson Education.
  • DAWKINS, R. (2006) [1976]. The Selfish Gene: 30th Anniversary edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • DANNA, K. (2014). The Study of Culture and Cognition. Sociological Forum, 29 (4), 1001-1006.
  • EVEN-ZOHAR, I. (1990) [1979]. Teoría del Polisistema (R. Bermudez Otero [trad.]. Polysystem Theory, Poetics Today, 11(1), 9-26). Tel Aviv: The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics.
  • GARCÍA-LANDA, M. (1984). La teoría de la traducción y la psicología experimental de los procesos de percepción del lenguaje. Estudios de Psicología, 5 (1920), 173-193.
  • GARROD, S. & PICKERING, M. J. (2013). Dialogue: Interactive Alignment and Its Implications for Language Learning and Language Change. En P. M. Binder & K. Smith (eds.). The Language Phenomenon: Human Communication from Milliseconds to Millennia. New York: Springer Science & Business Media, 47-64.
  • GRICE, H. P. (1957). Meaning. The Philosophical Review, 66 (3), p. 377-388.
  • HALL, J. (2015). Rhododendron ponticum and its invasive hybrids. v. 1.0. En M. J. Gaywood et al. (eds.). The Species Action Framework Handbook. Perth: Scottish Natural Heritage.
  • HOCKETT, C. F. (1960) The origin of speech. Scientific American, 203: 88-96.
  • HUTH, A. G., DE HEER, W. A., GRIFFITHS, T. L., THEUNISSEN, F. E. & GALLANT, J. L. (2016). Natural speech reveals the semantic maps that tile human cerebral cortex. Nature, 532(7600), 453-458.
  • KRONFELDNER, M. (2007). Darwinism, memes, and creativity: A critique of Darwinian analogical reasoning from nature to culture. 311 f. Unpublished Thesis (PhD in Philosophy). Regensburg: University of Regensburg. [http://epub.uni-regensburg.de/10562/]
  • LEWIS, D. K. (1969). Convention: A Philosophical Study. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • LEWONTIN, R. C. (1970). The units of selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1, 1-18.
  • MARCUS, G. (2014, 11 de Julio). The Trouble with Brain Science. The New York Times, Opinion page. [http:// www.nytimes.com/2014/07/12/opinion/the-trouble-with-brain-science.html]
  • MCCROHON, L. (2012). The two-stage life cycle of cultural replicators. Theoria et Historia Scientiarum, 9, 149-170.
  • MCGREW, W. C. (2015). The cultured chimpanzee: nonsense or breakthrough? Human Ethology Bulletin, 30(1), 41-52.
  • MESOUDI, A. (2013). Studying cultural transmission within an interdisciplinary cultural evolutionary framework. En R. Ellen, S. J. Lycett & S. E. Johns (eds.). Cultural transmission: a critical anthropological synthesis. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 131-147.
  • MÜLLER, R. (2009). Language universals in the brain: How linguistic are they? Language Universals, 224-252.
  • MURPHY, G. L. (2004). The Big Book of Concepts. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • NEUBERT, A. & SHREVE, G. M. (1992). Translation as text. Kent/Londres: Kent State University Press.
  • NEVO, E. (1979). Adaptive convergence and divergence of subterranean mammals. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 10, 269-308.
  • NORD, C. (2005). Text analysis in translation: Theory, methodology, and didactic application of a model for translation-oriented text analysis. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
  • PÄÄBO, S. (2015). The diverse origins of the human gene pool. Nature Reviews Genetics, 16 (6), 313-314.
  • PARK, S. Y., PETERSON, F. C., MOSQUNA, A., YAO, J., VOLKMAN, B. F. & CUTLER, S. R. (2015). Agrochemical control of plant water use using engineered abscisic acid receptors. Nature, 520(7548), 545-548.
  • PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, J. H. (2014). La articulación de la expresión escrita. Ocnos: Revista de Estudios sobre Lectura, 12, 79-106.
  • (2015). Cultura, língua e ciclos de vida: manifestações e transmissão da informação cultural e linguística (Borrador enviado para publicación). [http://tinyurl.com/jhpr2015]
  • (2016). The role of categorization as a way of fidelity preservation in cultural transmission (Borrador enviado para publicación). [http://tinyurl.com/ jhpr2016a]
  • PFENNING, A. R. et al. (2014). Convergent transcriptional specializations in the brains of humans and song-learning birds. Science, 346(6215), 1256846.
  • PIAGET, J. 1976 [1945]. La formation du symbole chez l’enfant: imitation, jeu et rêve, image et representation. Paris: Delachaux et Niestlé.
  • PICKERING, M. J. & GARROD, S. (2004). Toward a mechanistic psychology of dialogue. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 27, 169-225.
  • RAMSEY, G. (2013). Culture in humans and other animals. Biology & Philosophy, 28(3), 457-479.
  • REGATTIN, F. (2011). Qu’est-ce que la mémétique? Et quel rôle peut-elle jouer pour la traductologie? En Quaderni del CeSLiC. Occasional papers. Bologna: Centro di Studi Linguistico-Culturali (CeSLiC) y Alma Mater Studiorum (ALMADL).
  • RICHERSON, P. J. & BOYD, R. (2008) [2005]. Not by genes alone: how culture transformed human evolution. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
  • RITT, N. (2004). Selfish sounds and linguistic evolution: a Darwinian approach to language change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • SAUSSURE, F. de (1995) [1916]. Cours de linguistique générale (ed. de Tullio de Mauro). Paris: Payot.
  • SCHRÖDINGER, E. (1992) [1944]. What is life? The physical aspect of the living cell, with mind and matter & autobiographical sketches. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • SHANNON, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. The Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379-423, 623-656.
  • SPERBER, D. & WILSON, D. (1995) [1986]. Relevance: communication and cognition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
  • STALNAKER, R. (1973). Presuppositions. Journal of Philosophical Logic, 2, 447-457.
  • (2002). Common ground. Linguistics and Philosophy, 25(5-6), 701-721.
  • TOMASELLO, M. (2000). Culture and cognitive development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(2), 37-40.
  • & CARPENTER, M. (2007). Shared intentionality. Developmental Science, 10(1), 121-125.
  • KRUGER, A. C. & RATNER, H. H. (1993). Cultural learning. Behavior and Brain Sciences, 16, 495-552.
  • TYLER, Tim (2011). Memetics: memes and the science of cultural evolution. Mersenne Publishing.
  • WIENER, N. (1948). Cybernetics or Control and communication in the animal and the machine. Cambridge, MA: Technology Press.
  • WILLIAMS, G. C. (1966). Adaptation and Natural Selection: A Critique of Some Current Evolutionary Thought. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • (1992). Natural selection: domains, levels, and challenges. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • WILLNER, W. (2006). The association concept revisited. Phytocoenologia, 36(1), 67-76.
  • WILSON, E. O. (1978). On Human Nature. Harvard: Harvard University Press.