The effects of organizational communication, leadership, and employee commitment in organizational change in the hospitality sector

  1. Manuel-Alberto Ramos-Maçães
  2. Mercedes Román-Portas
Revista:
Comunicación y sociedad = Communication & Society

ISSN: 2386-7876

Ano de publicación: 2022

Título do exemplar: Special Issue: Social news diffusion: Platforms, publics, scenarios and dimensions of news sharing

Volume: 35

Número: 2

Páxinas: 89-106

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.15581/003.35.2.89-106 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: Comunicación y sociedad = Communication & Society

Resumo

The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze the interrelationships among organizational communication, leadership, and employee commitment, in terms of organizational change. A structural model was developed to delineate the interactions between the constructs, and to explore the mediating effects of leadership and employees’ commitment on the relationship between communication and organizational change. A quantitative online survey was conducted, based on a sample of 335 employees from the hospitality sector. Findings indicated that organizational communication positively and significantly affected leadership and employee commitment and was positively related to organizational change. Furthermore, this study argues that communication, leadership, and employee commitment are key variables in the success of organizational change. The findings can provide academics and managers with a valuable and much-needed approach to managing change, by identifying the predictors of organizational change, and by exploring how individual antecedents affect the success of organizational change.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abraham, S. (2012). Job satisfaction as an antecedent to employee engagement. SIES Journal of Management, 8(2), 27-36.
  • Abrell-Vogel, C. & Rowold, J. (2014). Leaders’ commitment to change and their effectiveness in change: A multilevel investigation. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 27(6), 900-921. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-07-2012-0111
  • Ahmad, N. & Seet, P. (2009). Dissecting behaviors associated with business failure: A qualitative study of SME owners in Malaysia and Australia. Asia Social Science, 5(9), 98-104. https://www.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v5n9p98
  • Ahmad, H. & Jalil, J. (2013). Relationship between personality traits and sense of urgency: A study of Repso Malaysia. IBIMA Business Review Journal, 1-22. https://www.doi.org/10.5171/2013.126696
  • Al-Haddad, S. & Kotnour, T. (2015). Integrating the organizational change literature: a model for successful change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 28(2), 234-262. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-11-2013-0215
  • Allen, N. & Meyer, J. (1996). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: An examination of construct validity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 49(3), 252-276. https://www.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.0043
  • Avolio, B., Zhu, W., Koh, W. & Bathia, P. (2004). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: Mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of structural distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(8), 951-968. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/job.283
  • Babbie, E. (2016). The Practice of Social Research. 14th Ed. Boston, USA: Cengage Learning.
  • Bass, B. (1997). Does the Transactional-Transformational Leadership Paradigm Transcend Organizational and National Boundaries? Journal of American Psychologist, 52(2), 130-139. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.52.2.130
  • Bass, B. & Avolio, B. (2000). The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden.
  • Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Jung, D. I. & Bergson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 207-218. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.2.207
  • Battilana, J., Gilmartin, M., Sengul, M., Pache, A. & Alexander, J. (2010). Leadership competencies for implementing planned organizational change. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 422-438. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.03.0070
  • Bellou, V. & Chatzinikou, I. (2015). Preventing employee burnout during episodic organizational changes. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 28(5), 673-688. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-11-2014-0197
  • Bouckenooghe, D., Devos, G. & van Den Broeck, H. (2009). Organizational Change Questionnaire –Climate of Change, Processes, and Readiness: Development of a New Instrument. The Journal of Psychology Interdisciplinary and Applied, 143(6), 559-599. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/00223980903218216
  • Bouckenooghe, D., Schwarz, G. & Minbashian, A. (2015). Herscovitch and Meyer’s Three-Component model of commitment to change: Meta-analytic findings. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(4), 578-595. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2014.963059
  • Buciuniené, I. & Skudiené, V. (2008). Impact of Leadership Styles on Employees’ Organizational Commitment in Lithuanian Manufacturing Companies. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 3(2), 57-66. https://www.doi.org/10.2478v10033-008-0015-7
  • Bull, M. & Brown, T. (2012). Change communication: The impact on satisfaction with alternative workplace strategies. Facilities, 30(3-4), 135-151. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/02632771211202842
  • Burke, W. (2014). Organization Change: Theory and Practice. 4th Ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Campbell, H. (2014). Managing Organizational Change: A Practical Toolkit for Managers. London: Kogan Page.
  • Carter, M., Armenakis, A., Feild, H. & Mossholder, K. (2013). Transformational leadership, relationship quality, and employee performance during continuous incremental organizational change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(7), 942-958 . https://www.doi.org/10.1002/job.1824
  • Christensen, M. (2014). Communication as a Strategic Tool in Change Processes. International Journal of Business Communication, 51(4), 359-385. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/2329488414525442
  • Churchill, G. A. (1999). Marketing Research: Methodological Foundations. Chicago: The Dryden Press.
  • Clampitt, P. & Downs, C. (2004). Downs-Hazen Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire. In C. W. & A. D. Adrian (Eds.). Assessing Organizational Communication (pp. 139-157). London: Guilford.
  • Downs, C. & Hazen, M. (1977). A Factor Analytic Study of Communication Satisfaction. The Journal of Business Communication, 14(3), 63-73. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/002194367701400306
  • Downs, C. & Hazen, M. (2004). Assessing Organizational Communication. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Elias, S. (2009). Employee Commitment in Times of Change: Assessing the Importance of Attitudes Toward Organizational Change. Journal of Management, 35(1), 37-55. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0149206307308910
  • Elving, W. (2005). The role of communication in organizational change. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 10(2), 129-138. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/13563280510596943
  • Erakovic, L. & Powell, M. (2006). Pathways of change: Organizations in Transition. Public Administration, 84(1), 31-58. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-3298.2006.00492.x
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-50 . https://www.doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  • Gelaidan, H. & Ahamad, H. (2013). The factors effecting employee commitment to change in public sector: Evidence from Yemen. International Business Research, 6(3), 75-87. https://www.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v6n3p75
  • Gilley A., McMillan, H. & Gilley, J. (2009). Organizational Change and Characteristics of Leadership Effectiveness. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 16, 38-47. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1548051809334191
  • Greenberg, J. & Baron, R. (2018). Behavior in Organizations. 10th Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
  • Hair, J., Babin, B., Black, W. & Anderson, R. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis. 8th Ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.
  • Hassan, S., Banan, A. & Elewa, A. (2016). The Relationship between Clinical Instructor’s Communication Satisfaction and Their Organizational Commitment at the Faculty of Nursing-Cairo University. Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 5(5), 62-68. https://www.doi.org/10.9790/1959-0505016268
  • Herold, D., Fedor, D., Caldwell, S. & Liu, Y. (2008). The Effects of Transformational and Change Leadership on Employees’ Commitment to a Change: A Multilevel Study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 346-357. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.346
  • Herscovitch, L. & Meyer, J. (2002). Commitment to Organizational Change: Extension of the Three-Component Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 474-487. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.474
  • James, K. & Collins, J (2008). Leadership Perspectives into Action. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jaros, S. (2010). Commitment to Organizational Change: A Critical Review. Journal of Change Management, 10(1), 79-108. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/14697010903549457
  • Jiang, H. & Men, L. R. (2015). Creating an engaged workforce: the impact of authentic leadership, transparent organizational communication, and work-life enrichment. Communication Research, 2. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0093650215613137
  • Johansson, C. & Heide, M. (2008). Speaking of change: Three communication approaches in studies of organizational change. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 13(3), 288-305. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/13563280810893661
  • Kitchen, P. & Daly, F. (2002). Internal communication during change management. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 1, 46-53. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/13563280210416035
  • Kline, R. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 4th Ed. NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Koschmann, M. (2016). A Communication Perspective on Organizational Stakeholder Relationships: Discursivity, Relationality, and Materiality. Communication Research and Practice, 2(3), 407-431. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/22041451.2016.1217383
  • Kotter, J. (2012). Leading change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press.
  • Lewis, L. (2006). Employee Perspectives on Implementation Communication the Predictors of Perceptions of Success and Resistance. Western Journal of Communication, 70(1), 23-46. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/10570310500506631
  • Lindbaum, D. & Cartwright, S. (2010). A Critical Examination of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership. Journal of Management Studies, 47(7), 1317-1342. https://www.doi.org/101111/j.1467-6486.2010.00933.x
  • Lo, M., Ramayah, T., Min, H. & Songan, P. (2010). The relationship between leadership styles and organizational commitment in Malaysia: Role of leader-member exchange. Asia Pacific Business Review, 16, 79-110. https://www.doi.org/10.1090/13602380903355676
  • Lockwood, N. (2007). Leveraging Employee Engagement for Competitive Advantage. Society for Human Resource Management Research Quarterly, 1, 1-12.
  • Madsen, S., Miller, D. & John, C. (2005). Readiness for organizational change: organizational commitment and social relationships in the workplace make a difference? Human Resource Development Quarterly, 16(2), 231-234. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.1134
  • Men, L. R. & Stacks, D. W. (2013). The impact of leadership style and employee empowerment on perceived organizational reputation. Journal of Communication Management, 17(2), 171-192. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/13632541311318765
  • Mert, I., Keskin. N. & Bas, T. (2010). Leadership Style and Organizational Commitment: Test of a Theory in Turkish Banking Sector. Journal of Academic Research in Economics, 2(1), 11-20. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278786532
  • Meyer, J. & Allen, N. (1997). Commitment in the Workplace: Theory, Research, and Application. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Meyer, J., Becker, T. & Vandenberghe, C. (2004). Employee Commitment and Motivation: A Conceptual Analysis and Integrative Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 991-1007. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.991
  • Mowday, R., Porter, L. & Steers, R. (2013). Employee-Organization Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism and Turnover. New York: Academic Press.
  • Musah, A., Julkipli, G. & Ahamad, S. (2014). Role of Organizational Culture, Organizational Communication and Temperament in the Choice of Conflict Management Styles among Plant Turnaround Maintenance Employees in Petro-Chemical Companies in Malaysia: A Conceptual Framework. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 6(4), 262-270.
  • Nunnally, J. C. & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory, 3rd Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y. & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
  • Portoghese, I., Galletta, M., Battistelli, A., Saiani, l., Penna, M. & Allegrini, E. (2012). Change-related expectations and commitment to change of nurses: the role of leadership and communication. Journal of Nursing Management, 20, 582-591. https://10.111/j.1365-2834.2011.01322.x
  • Raineri, A. (2011). Change management practices: Impact on perceived change results. Journal of Business Research, 64(3), 266-272. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.11.011
  • Rindfleisch, A., Malter, A., Ganesan, S. & Moorman, C. (2008). Cross-Sectional Versus Longitudinal Survey Research: Concepts, Findings, and Guidelines. Journal of Marketing Research, 45(3), 261-279. https://www.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.45.3.261
  • Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations, 5th Ed. New York: Free Press.
  • Self, D., Armenakis, A. & Schraeder, M. (2007). Organizational Change Content, Process, and Context: A Simultaneous Analysis of Employee Reactions. Journal of Change Management, 7, 211-229. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/14697010701461129
  • Shastri, R., Mishra, S. & Sinha, A. (2010). Charismatic leadership and organizational commitment: An Indian perspective. African Journal of Business Management, 4(10), 1946-1953.
  • Shuck, B., Rocco, T. & Albornoz, C. (2011). Exploring employee engagement from the employee perspective: Implications for HRD. Journal of European Industrial Training, 35(4), 300-325. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/03090591111128306
  • Stacks, D. (2017). Primer of Relations Research, 3rd Ed. New York: Guildford.
  • Sundaray, B. (2011). Employee Engagement: A Driver of Organizational Effectiveness. European Journal of Business and Management, 3(8), 53-60.
  • Sundström, P. & Annika, Z. V. (2009). Organizing for innovation in a product development project: Combining innovative and result-oriented ways of working –A case study. International Journal of Project Management, 27(8), 745-753. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.02.007t
  • Turner, R. & Müller, R. (2005). The Project Manager’s Leadership Style as a Success Factor on Projects. A Literature Review. Project Management Journal, 36(2), 49-61.
  • Ugboro, I. (2006). Organizational Commitment, Job Redesign, Employee Empowerment and Intent to Quit Among Survivors of Reestructuring and Downsizing. Journal of Behavioral & Applied Management, 7(3), 232-257. https://www.doi.org/10.21818/001C.16669
  • Walker, J., Armenakis, A. & Bernerth, J. (2007). Factors influencing organizational efforts: An integrative investigation of change content, context, process, and individual differences. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 20(1), 761-773. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/09534810710831000
  • Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations, 8th Ed. Essex, UK: Pearson Education.