Universidad, pandemia y desigualdadel “ser-para-sí” y el “ser-para-otros” en la Academia

  1. Gómez Suárez, Agueda 1
  2. Vázquez Silva, Iria 1
  1. 1 Universidade de Vigo
    info

    Universidade de Vigo

    Vigo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05rdf8595

Journal:
Investigaciones feministas

ISSN: 2171-6080

Year of publication: 2022

Issue Title: Monográfico: Retos de la era Covid desde una perspectiva feminista

Volume: 13

Issue: 1

Pages: 13-25

Type: Article

DOI: 10.5209/INFE.77735 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Investigaciones feministas

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives. This article aims to examine how the Covid-19 pandemic has impacted on the already existing gender gap in the field of research and in the academic trajectory of researchers and university professors. Methodology. To examine this impact, the exploitation of an investigation carried out on teaching and research personnel during the pandemic at the University of Vigo is presented. Results. The results obtained at different levels indicate that confinement has increased or maintained scientific production and the quality of men's working conditions, while women have been left behind and precarious in both scenarios. One of the main causes points to a greater burden of care on women, which has increased in the context of confinement. Conclusions and Discussion. This study concludes that the pandemic situation is increasing gender inequality in academia. In the medium term, this reality will become a slowdown in their scientific and academic careers, as a result of the decrease in their scientific production, which will further increase the already existing gender pay gap in our universities.

Bibliographic References

  • Beauvoir, Simone (2004): El segundo sexo. Cátedra. Colección Feminismos. Valencia.
  • Cech, Erin A. & Blair-Loy, Mary. (2019). The changing career trajectories of new parents in STEM. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, PNAS, 11610, 4182-4187. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810862116
  • Diaz, Capitolina; Jabbaz Marcela y Samper, Teresa. (2016). “Estudio sobre brecha salarial de género en la Universitat de Valencia. La transformación de la igualdad formal en desigualdad salarial en la práctica”, en el XII Congreso Español de Sociología. Gijón, 30 de junio y 1 y 2 de julio de 2016.
  • Durán, María Ángeles (2000). La contribución del trabajo no remunerado a la economía española. Instituto de la Mujer. Madrid.
  • Else, Holly (2019). “Nearly half of US female scientists leave full-time science after their first child”. Nature News, 36, online. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-00611-1
  • FECYT (2019). Ranking de revistas científicas españolas con sello de calidad FECYT, Madrid: Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología FECYT.
  • Gilligan, Carol (2013). La ética del cuidado. Barcelona: Fundació Víctor Grífols i Lucas.
  • Huang, Junming; Gates, Alexander J., Sinatra, Roberta y Barabási, Albert-László (2020). “Historical comparison of gender inequality in scientific careers across countries and disciplines, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” PNAS 1179, 4609-4616. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914221117
  • Hunter, Laura y Leahey, Erin. (2010). “Parenting and research productivity: New evidence and methods”, Social Studies of Science, 403, 433-451. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312709358472
  • Instituto de la Mujer (2020). La perspectiva de género, esencial en la respuesta a la Covid-19. Instituto de la Mujer. Madrid. http://www.inmujer.gob.es/diseno/novedades/IMPACTO_DE_GENERO_DEL_Covid_19_uv.pdf consultado 09/05/2020
  • Instituto Nacional de Estadística INE (2011). Encuesta de empleo del tiempo 2009-2010. Madrid: INE.
  • King, Molly, M. y Frederickson, Megan (2020). “The Pandemic Penalty: The gendered effects of Covid-19 on scientific productivity”, SocArXiv, 12/09/2020. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/8hp7m
  • Kitchener, Caroline (2020). “Las mujeres académicas parecen presentar menos trabajos durante el coronavirus”. The Lily. https://www.thelily.com/women-academics-seem-to-be-submitting-fewer-papers-during-coronavirus-never-seen-anything-like-it-says-one-editor/
  • Kyvik, Svein y Teigen, Mary (1996). Child care, research collaboration, and gender differences in scientific productivity. Science, Technology & Human Values, 211, 54-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/016224399602100103
  • Kohan, Marisa (2020). “Mujeres científicas y coronavirus: La emergencia del coronavirus hace aún más invisibles a las mujeres científicas”. Público (publico.es) https://www.publico.es/sociedad/mujeres-cientificas-coronavirus-emergencia-coronavirus-invisibles-mujeres-cientificas.htm
  • Lombardo, Emmanuela., & Mergaert, Lut (2013). Gender mainstreaming and resistance to gender training: A framework for studying implementation. NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 21(4), 296-311. https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2013.851115
  • Ledin, Anna; Bornmann, Lutz; Gannon, Frank y Wallon, Gerlind (2007). A persistent problem: Traditional gender roles hold back female scientists. EMBO reports, 811, 982-987.
  • López Belloso, María y Díez Sanz, Ainhoa (2017). Aproximación a las resistencias de género en los procesos de cambio estructural en las Instituciones de Investigación Europeas. Reencuentro. Análisis de problemas universitarios, (29.74), 311-332. https://reencuentro.xoc.uam.mx/index.php/reencuentro/article/view/942
  • Manne, Kate (2017): Down girl. The logic of misogyny. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Martinez, Elisabeth D., Botos, Jeannine, Dohoney, Kathleen M., Geiman, Theresa M., Kolla, Sarah S., Olivera, Ana, Qiu, Yi, Rayasam, Geetha Vani, Stavreva, Diana A., Cohen-Fix, Orna (2007). “Falling off the academic bandwagon: Women are more likely to quit at the postdoc to principal investigator transition”. EMBO Reports, 8(11), 977-981. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7401110
  • Mason, Mary Ann; Wolfinger, Nicholas H. & Goulden, Marc (2013). Do babies matter?: Gender and family in the ivory tower. Rutgers University Press.
  • Minello, Alessandra (2020). The pandemic and the female academic. I’m curious what lockdown will reveal about the ‘maternal wall’ that can block faculty. Nature, advancement. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01135-9
  • Rossiter, Margaret W. (1993). The Matthew Matilda Effect in Science. Social Studies of Science, 23, 325-341
  • Rees, Teresa (2005). Reflections on the uneven development of gender mainstreaming in Europe. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 7(4), 555-574. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740500284532
  • Scott, James (2020). “Journal Submissions in Times of Covid-19: Is There A Gender Gap?. Duck of Minerva, May 15. https://www.duckofminerva.com/2020/05/journal-submissions-in-times-of-Covid-19-is-there-a-gender-gap.html
  • She Figures 2018 http://ec.europa.eu/research/swafs/pdf/pub_gender_equality/she_figures_2018-final.pdf
  • SUPERA-UCM (2021). Resultados del estudio sobre condiciones de trabajo, uso del tiempo y desempeño académico durante la crisis de la Covid-19 en el personal docente e investigador de la UCM. https://www.ucm.es/la-Covid-19-afecta-de-manera-dispar-a-la-desigualdad-y-la-pobreza-en-espana
  • SUPERA-Universidad de Coimbra (2021). Condições de trabalho, percepções sobre o uso do tempo e desempenho académico na crise da Covid-19. Coimbra. https://www.uc.pt/supera/resultados#https://www.uc.pt/supera/resultados
  • Unidad Mujer y Ciencia UMyC (2020). Género y ciencia frente al coronavirus. Madrid: Secretaría General Técnica del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.
  • Unidade de Igualdade-UVigo (2020). Género e investigación científica en la Universidade de Vigo en tiempos de la Covid-19, Unidade de Igualdade: Universidade de Vigo.
  • Unidad de Mujer y Ciencia UMyC (2021). Estudio sobre la situación de las jóvenes investigadoras en España. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, en https://www.ciencia.gob.es/stfls/MICINN/Ciencia/Ficheros/Informe_situacion_jovenes_investigadoras_Espana.pdf
  • Viglione, Giuliana (2020). Are women publishing less during the pandemic? Here's what the data say. Nature, 581.7809, 365-367. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01294-9
  • Vincent-Lamarre, Philippe; Cassidy R. Sugimoto, Vincent; Larivière (2020): The decline of women›s research production during the coronavirus pandemic. Nature Index. https://www.natureindex.com/news-blog/decline-women-scientist-research-publishing-production-coronavirus-pandemic
  • Wiegand, Krista; Debbie Lisle; Murdie, Amanda & Scott, James (2020). Journal Submissions in Times of Covid-19: Is There A Gender Gap?. Duck of Minerva, May 15. https://www.duckofminerva.com/2020/05/journal-submissions-in-times-of-Covid-19-is-there-a-gender-gap.html
  • Wenneras, Christine and Wolf, Agnes (2001). “Nepotism and sexism in peer-review. Women, sience and technology: A reader in feminist science studies”, 46-52. Nature. 1997 May 22; 387(6631), 341-3. doi: 10.1038/387341a0
  • Zuckerman, Harriet, Cole, Jonathan R., Bruer, John T. (1991). The outer circle: Women in the scientific community. Psycnet. APA. W W Norton & Co. American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1992-97584-000
  • Zsuzsa, Blaskó; Papadimitriou, Eleni; Manca, Anna Rita (2020). “How will the Covid-19 crisis affect existing gender divides in Europe?” Comisión Europea. https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC120525/Covid_gender_effects_f.pdf 2020