Exploración de la relación entre la creatividad motora, la preferencia lateral y el deporte en los escolares

  1. Mª del Pino Díaz Pereira
  2. Antonio González-Fernández
  3. María A. Fernández-Villarino
  4. Joseba Delgado-Parada
  5. Yannick López-Araujo
Revista:
Apunts: Educación física y deportes

ISSN: 2014-0983

Ano de publicación: 2024

Número: 155

Páxinas: 19-28

Tipo: Artigo

Outras publicacións en: Apunts: Educación física y deportes

Resumo

La lateralidad es un constructo relevante por su repercusión en el desarrollo motor, los procesos de aprendizaje y el rendimiento deportivo. Existe una serie de estudios que han identificado una relación entre determinados perfiles de lateralidad y una mayor versatilidad en las acciones motoras. Dicha relación no se ha explorado en el ámbito escolar ni con personas en las primeras etapas del desarrollo deportivo. Este estudio pretendía describir la distribución porcentual de los tipos de preferencia lateral (ocular, de dirección, de giro, manual, de pie, cruzada) en una muestra de escolares (deportistas vs. no deportistas) y explorar su posible relación con la creatividad motora (fluidez y originalidad). Participaron en el estudio 500 escolares (220 niñas y 280 niños) de 9.05 ± 1.86 años. El ojo dominante y la dirección de rotación se identificaron mediante pruebas estandarizadas. La preferencia lateral de manos y pies se evaluó mediante la observación durante la participación en juegos deportivos. Se utilizaron dos situaciones de prueba durante el juego (GTS, por sus siglas en inglés) para evaluar los parámetros de creatividad motora (fluidez y originalidad). El porcentaje de lateralidad izquierda y cruzada fue significativamente mayor en el grupo de escolares que practicaban deporte. Las pruebas t revelaron un rendimiento creativo superior (fluidez y originalidad) en los escolares con preferencia por el sentido de rotación hacia el lado izquierdo o con lateralidad cruzada. Los valores d de Cohen muestran vinculación cuando la creatividad se evalúa a través de situaciones de juego con interacción directa de los jugadores. Los resultados sugieren una vinculación entre la preferencia lateral y una mayor fluidez de movimientos y originalidad, lo cual sería interesante para detectar talentos y diseñar programas.

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