Comparación de variables clínicas, capacidad funcional, ansiedad/depresión y calidad de vida en pacientes con EPOC de acuerdo a la clasificación GOLD 2018

Resumo

Introduction The Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) annually updates the COPD management guide, introducing changes in letter classification, symptom assessment, or severity of obstruction. This has motivated interest in investigating differences among groups in clinical variables, quality of life related to health (QOLRH) and functional capacity. Objective To determine the differences in clinical variables, survival, functional capacity, anxiety/depression and QOLRH in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to the GOLD 2018 classification in a Clinic in Cali (Colombia). Methods An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study including 128 patients (61% men) with a mean age of 71 years and diagnosis of COPD divided into three groups; GOLD-B, GOLD-C and GOLD-D. Results Hospitalizations were more prevalent in the GOLD-C and GOLD-D groups at 100% and 86% respectively, p value <.001, with significant differences in survival P<.001. Group GOLD-C showed greater functional capacity at 344 meters with a shorter distance for group GOLD-B at 271m, a statistically significant difference was found. No statistically significant differences were found in anxiety and depression. When comparing the three groups the GOLD- C patients had better QOLRH in the SGRQ questionnaire; mean of 37±15, (GOLD-B) of 45±16 and GOLD-D 55±15 with a P value=.002. Conclusion Group GOLD-C showed greater survival, functional capacity and quality of life and GOLD-D had worse clinical condition, functional capacity and quality of life.