The effect of resistance training focused on eccentric phase and interval exercises in young football players

  1. Amir Khortabi 1
  2. José María Cancela Carral 1
  3. Farzad Rezavandzayeri 1
  4. Helena Vila Suarez 1
  1. 1 Faculty of Education and Sports sciences, University of Vigo
Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2024

Número: 58

Páginas: 1079-1086

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

El sistema cardiovascular, la fuerza, la velocidad y la agilidad son fundamentales para que un futbolista tenga un mejor rendimiento. Para ello, encontrar el mejor y más corto camino siempre ha sido un desafío. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar el efecto del entrenamiento de resistencia centrado en ejercicios de fase excéntrica y de intervalos sobre la fuerza, agilidad, velocidad y fuerza cardiovascular en jugadores de fútbol jóvenes. Se divide a 40 jugadores de fútbol jóvenes en dos grupos. El grupo de control (CG) recibió sólo ejercicios típicos de fútbol (por parte de su entrenador), y el grupo experimental (EG) experimentó ejercicios excéntricos combinados con entrenamiento aeróbico a intervalos. Para medir la fuerza, agilidad, velocidad y fuerza cardiovascular, se realizaron el test de sentadilla, el test T, el sprint de 60 metros y el test de Cooper, respectivamente. Para comparar la prueba previa y posterior, se utilizó la prueba t de muestras pareadas y para comparar los dos grupos, se utilizó la prueba ANCOVA y el análisis no paramétrico de covarianza de Quade. La prueba t para muestras pareadas mostró una diferencia significativa entre la prueba previa y posterior en la fuerza y la fuerza cardíaca en ambos grupos. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en velocidad y agilidad en CG. Sin embargo, en GE hubo una diferencia significativa entre el pre y el post-test en las variables de velocidad y agilidad. Además, según los resultados de ANCOVA y ANCOVA no paramétrico Quade, hubo una diferencia significativa entre GC y EG en todas las variables. El entrenamiento aeróbico excéntrico y por intervalos podría ser más efectivo que los ejercicios típicos del fútbol en cuanto a fuerza, cardio, velocidad y agilidad. Los futbolistas pueden utilizar el presente programa de entrenamiento para mejorar los factores físicos esenciales.

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