Un análisis de la distribución geográfica de la inmigración en España

Résumé

According to information published by the OCDE, in the last decade of the 20th century the number of foreigners who were residing legally in the countries of the European Community passed from 12 to 16 millions, which meant an increase of 33,1 %. For countries, they were the states of south Europe those that registered a major rate of growth. In the Spanish case, the information of the OCDE were assessing three hundred sixty thousand foreign residents in the year 1991 and million hundred thousand in the year 2001, a growth of 207,5 %. The statistics of the OCDE also make us possible analyze the changes in the composition of the foreign origins in each of the countries recipients. In the Spanish state, the Moroccan group was the most numerous at the beginning of the decade of the 90´s, whereas in the year 2001 the majority origins were the Latin-Americans. We initiate this communication describing the quantitative and qualitative changes of the Spanish immigration from the 90´s up to the current, analyzing and commenting on the principal explanatory factors of these changes. Later, using multivariante technical of factorial and cluster analysis, we divide the Spanish territory in different zones, so that the foreign population who resides in every of them has homogeneous characteristics and at the same time, heterogeneous characteristics with the immigrants of other zones. The used methodology is commented in the second part of the communication and in the third one, basing on graphical representations, there are exposed the obtained results after the application of these analyses.