Evolución de esporas patógenas y no patógenas durante cuatro campañas en un almacén de patata

Resumo

A study has been presented on the evolution of pathogenic and non pathogenic spores inside a potato store on Xinzo de Limia (Northwest of Spain). The sampling was done four occassions between the years 2002-2006 using a Lanzoni VPPS 2000 Hirst volumetric sampler type Hirst, located in the high part of the store on boxes of tubers. The analyzed spores belong to the morphologic types Penicillium-Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Basidiospores, Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Helminthosporium sp. and some Phytophthora infestans of which they are responsible for diseases in tubers, resulting in important economic losses. The information demonstrates that Fusarium sp. stands out as the principal pathogenic followed by Alternaria sp. and Phytophthora infestans. The annual and interannual variation demonstrates that of the four years studied, the occassion with the major number of total spores was 2002/2003 with 636,554 spores with a maximum daily concentration of 9,001 spores/m3. A study has been made about the influence of the environmental conditions on the development of the different conidial types in tubers. Temperatures and high dampness favour the development of fungi and determine the later proliferation of spores.